A piece of rough flannel or khadi is fixed over a wooden frame
Used for displaying cutouts, photos etc.
These have a rough surface at the back and hence self-adhere to the flannel
Pictures displayed in a logical series help maintain continuity and holds the attention
Reference:
Park’s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 23rd ed
Meant to educate the whole community
• Useful in transmitting messages to people even in remotest places
• Number of people reached is in millions
• High returns for the time and money involved
• One way communication
• Generally inadequate in changing behavior
• Useful for creating a political will in favor of health, raising health consciousness of people
• TV:
– Most popular
– Useful in creating awareness and forming opinions
– One way channel
A conference is a meeting of people who "confer" about a topic
Meeting of a, usually large, group of individuals and/or companies in a certain field
It is a formal event where researchers present results, workshops, and other activities.
Role-play is widely used as an educational method for learning about communication in medical education
Some volunteers from the audience adopt certain roles such as doctor or villager and act out those roles in character
The situation is dramatized by the group
• Members enact the scenario as they have observed or experienced them
• The audience is not passive but actively involved
– They can suggest alternative solutions
– They can come up and actively demonstrate how they feel a particular role should be handled
A workshop is a single, short educational program designed to teach or introduce to participants practical skills, techniques, or ideas which they can then use in their work or their daily lives.
• Consists of a series of 4 – 5 meetings
• With emphasis on individual work
• With the help of consultants and resource personnel
It is a structured communication technique which relies on a panel of experts
The Delphi technique is a method of collecting opinion on a particular research question
It is based on the premise that pooled intelligence enhances individual judgement and captures the collective opinion of a group of experts without being physically assembled
1. The experts answer questionnaires in two or more rounds.
2. After each round, a facilitator provides summary of the experts' forecasts from the previous round as well as the reasons they provided for their judgments.
4 – 8 qualified persons sit and talk about the topic
– In front of a large audience
Panel:
– A chairman (moderator)
– 4 – 8 speakers
Panel discussion:
1. The chairman opens the meeting
a. Welcomes the group
b. Introduces the panel speakers
c. Introduces the topic and
d. Invites the panel speakers to present their point of view
e. The discussion begins
• There is no specific agenda, order of speaking and no set speeches
• The chairman’s duty is to keep the discussion going and develop the train of thought
Here, the group is an aggregation of people in a face – to – face situation
For optimum impact:
• Group size should not be <6 or > 12 including
• One group leader who:
– initiates the subject discussion
– Helps proper progress of the discussion
– Prevents side – conversation
– Everyone to participate
– Sums up the discussion
• One recorder, a person to record whatever is discussed
– The recorder prepares a report on the issues discussed and agreements reached
• Carefully prepared presentation to show how to perform a skill or procedure
• The procedure (e.g. L.P.) is carried out step by step before the audience
• The demonstrator ascertains that the audience understands the steps of performing the procedure
• The audience is involved in the discussion
For lecture to be effective:
• Group size should be <30
• Lecture duration: optimum is 15 – 20 min
• In addition to chalk other audio – visual aids may also be used
– Flipcharts:
– Flannel graph
– Exhibits
– Films and charts
• Advantages:
– Economical than individual approach
– Require lesser resources
• Disadvantages:
– Learning is passive as students are involved to a minimal extent
– Does not stimulate thinking or problem solving capacity
– Comprehension varies among the students
