Blogs

99DOTS has been launched in India to track adherence of TB/HIV co-infected patients
It is an initiative under TB-HIV coordination

Oral poliovirus vaccines (OPV) have been the mainstay in the fight against polio. There are different types of oral poliovirus vaccine, which may contain one (mOPV), a combination of two (bOPV), or all the three (tOPV) serotypes of attenuated poliovirus.

What is "Shake test”?
Shake test is used for determining if an adsorbed vaccine has been frozen anytime in the past. The test is valid for "adsorbed vaccines” only, such as DPT, DT, TT, Pentavalent vaccine and Hepatitis-B.

Diphtheria, Pertussis, and Tetanus(DPT; Triple Antigen)

Identification features
The vaccine is available in small glass bottles mostly having a blue metallic cover.

Type of vaccine
Killed (diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, and killed bacteria of pertussis)

Site of injection
Anterolateral aspect of LEFT mid-thigh

Type of Vaccine
Inactivated polio virus (killed virus)

COMPOSITION
Inactivated poliovirus type 1 - 40 D antigen units
Inactivated poliovirus type 2 - 8 D antigen units
Inactivated poliovirus type 3 - 32 D antigen units

Number of doses per vial
Vaccine comes in: 1-dose, 5-dose, and 10-dose vials
The Government of India is acquiring 5-dose and 10-dose vials currently

Type of vaccine vial monitor (VVM) on the vial
Type 7

Type of Vaccine
Live attenuated liquid vaccine

COMPOSITION
Monovalent vaccine containing live attenuated rotavirus derived from a neonatal strain isolated in India

Number of doses per vial
Rotavirus vaccine supplied under UIP has 10 doses per vial.

Type of Vaccine
Killed
Liquid form (liquid pentavalent vaccine) is available under UIP.

COMPOSITION
Each dose of 0.5 ml contains
1. Diphtheria Toxoid
2. Tetanus Toxoid
3. B. pertussis (whole cell)
4. HBsAg (rDNA)
5. Purified capsular Hib Polysaccharide (PRP)

Number of doses per vial
The liquid pentavalent vaccine (LPV) in the UIP (Universal Immunization Program, India) is available as a multi-dose vial with 10 doses per vial.

Identification features of BCG vaccine (Fig. 4.1)
• The vaccine is available in dark bottles to protect from sunlight.
• Some bottles have a long neck as the vaccine is packed in vacuum.

Type of vaccine
• Live
• Freeze dried powder

Dose
For institutional deliveries: 0.05 mL at the time of birth or up to age of 4 weeks
• In case of home delivery, if given at 6 weeks: 0.1 mL (along with Pentavalent – 1 and other routine vaccines)

Advocacy is a process for raising awareness, especially among decision-makers and service providers, to ensure that pentavalent vaccination is available for all targeted children.

For pregnant women
Early in pregnancy
Td-1* 0.5 mL Intramuscular Upper arm
4 weeks after TT-1
Td-2 0.5 mL Intramuscular Upper arm
*If the pregnant woman has received two Td doses in a pregnancy within last 3 years, only one Td-booster is required during the present pregnancy

For infants