Launched in 1952
India was the first country in the world to launch a program for population stabilization
In beginning:
1. Few clinics
2. Training the personnel for above activities
3. Research for contraceptive methods, communication strategy, behavior change etc.
Antenatal Case Presentation: https://youtu.be/SD7ViCp6-8c
Long-term objective/goal: to achieve a stable population by 2045, at a level consistent with sustainable:
• Economic growth,
• Social development, and
• Environmental protection
Medium-term objective: to bring the TFR to replacement level (Meaning NRR=1) by 2010
Immediate objectives:
1. To address the unmet needs for
• Contraception
• Health care infrastructure and health personnel
2. To provide integrated service delivery for basic reproductive and child health care
A ‘Population Policy’ is the document which lists the measures which the government intends to take, step by step, to achieve the desired change on the country’s population.
It is clear then that the deadlines for achieving the desired change are also mentioned. These deadlines include:
1. Long term goal: the ultimate goal e.g. having an optimal population size and age structure that lead to maximum productivity.
2. Objectives: to achieve the target for each step taken towards achieving the long term goal.
Long-term objective/goal: to achieve a stable population by 2045, at a level consistent with sustainable:
• Economic growth,
• Social development, and
• Environmental protection
Medium-term objective: to bring the TFR to replacement level (Meaning NRR=1) by 2010
Immediate objectives:
1. To address the unmet needs for
• Contraception
• Health care infrastructure and health personnel
2. To provide integrated service delivery for basic reproductive and child health care
मंकी पॉक्स क्या है?
मंकीपॉक्स वायरस से होने वाली बीमारी है जिसे 'मंकीपॉक्स वायरस' के नाम से जाना जाता है। यह मुख्य रूप से जानवरों (आम तौर पर चूहे और बंदर की प्रजातियां) को संक्रमित करता है, लेकिन उनसे मनुष्यों को भी लग सकता है। मंकीपॉक्स वायरस के 2 प्रकार (या क्लैड) होते हैं।
1. पश्चिम अफ़्रीकी (West African) क्लैड: इससे हुई बीमारी कम गंभीर होती है।
2. मध्य अफ्रीकी (Central African) या कांगो बेसिन (Congo Basin) क्लैड: यह ज्यादा गंभीर बीमारी कर सकता है।
2022 में जो मंकीपॉक्स विश्व में फैला है, वह पश्चिम अफ्रीकी कबीले के कारण हुआ है।
Components of Monkeypox Case Management
1. Patient isolation
2. Protection of vulnerable skin and mucous membranes
3. Rehydration and maintain nutrition
4. Symptom relief
5. Watching out for and managing the complications
What is Monkey-pox?
Monkeypox is a disease caused by a virus known as the ‘Monkeypox virus’. It mainly infects animals (rodents and primates) but can be transmitted to humans from them. There are 2 types (or clades) of monkeypox virus.
1. West African clade which causes milder disease
2. Central African or Congo Basin clade which causes a more severe disease
The 2022 outbreak in various countries has been due to the West African clade.
चेचक इतिहास की सबसे भयानक बीमारियों में से एक हुआ करता थी। यह प्राचीन काल से अस्तित्व में जानी जाती है। इसमें 20 - 40% की उच्च मामले की मृत्यु थी, यानी लगभग 30% रोगियों ने अपनी जान गंवा दी। इसने 20वीं सदी में 300 मिलियन से अधिक लोगों को मार डाला।
महामारी दुनिया भर में हुई, खासकर भारत में। भारत में, वैक्सीन आने के बाद भी हर 5 से 7 साल में महामारी होती थी। इस बीमारी ने पूरे के पूरे गांव ख़तम कर दिए थे। यहां तक कि इतिहास की धारा को बदलने के लिए भी इसे जाना जाता था।
Smallpox used to be among the most dreaded diseases in history. It has been known to exist since antiquity. It had a high case fatality of 20 – 40%, i.e. almost 30% of the patients lost their lives. It killed more than 300 million people in the 20th century.
Epidemics occurred throughout the world, especially in India. In India, epidemics occurred every 5 to 7 years, even after the vaccine was brought in. It was known to wipe out entire villages and tribes worldwide and even change the course of history.
