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GROUNDNUT OIL
What is its caloric value?
Caloric value of all oils and ghee is 9 kcal per gram or 900 kcal per 100 g.

How is it different from hydrogenated oil?
• It contains good amounts of unsaturated fatty acids, both, MUFA and PUFA.
• It is also rich in essential fatty acids (EFA).
• Hydrogenated oils have mainly saturated fatty acids and they are poor in EFA.

Mention its advantages over hydrogenated oil?
It has higher content of MUFA and PUFA and is richer in EFA.

GHEE(CLARIFIED BUTTER)

Caloric value:
900 kcal per 100 g

Why it is not recommended for obese and cardiac patients?
This is because ghee has very high content of saturated fat.

Does it have any advantage over vegetable oil?
It is rich in vitamins A and D. Vegetable oils are poor in these two vitamins.

Which organization regulates food quality in India?
The ‘Food Safety and Standards Authority of India’ (FSSAI) is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the regulation and supervision of food safety.
It is an autonomous body established under the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. The FSSAI has been established under the ‘Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006’

Write its two uses in public health.
1. Maintaining cold chain by using frozen ice packs in vaccine carriers and cold boxes.
2. For keeping reconstituted BCG, measles containing vaccines, rotavirus, JE and OPV during the immunization session if no other option is available. Reconstituted vaccines must be discarded after 4 hours of reconstitution.

What is the temperature range maintained by an ILR?
An ILR maintains the temperature between +2°C and +8°C.

At what level of health care delivery are the vaccines stored in an ILR?
An ILR is used to store all Universal Immunization Program vaccines at the Public Health Centre (PHC) level.

Three types of syringes are supplied under the NIS for the purpose of vaccine administration:
a. 0.1ml AD syringes
b. 0.5 ml AD syringes and
c. 5 ml disposable syringes.
The auto – disable syringes are used for the administration of the appropriate vaccines and the disposable syringe is used for reconstitution of vaccines where needed.

A hub cutter (manual syringe and needle destroyer) is displayed from two different angles in Figure
Identification features
• One or two insertion holes for the syringe
• Two handles (attached to the blades which cut the syringe hub)
• One plastic container (into which the cutoff parts of the syringe and the needle are retained)

What is the use of this?
This is used to destroy the disposable or autodisable (AD) syringe after use.

Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness (BP/CR) is the process of planning for normal birth and anticipating the actions needed in case of an emergency
It is based on the assumption that preparing for child birth and being ready for complications reduces delay in obtaining this care
A birth plan/emergency preparedness plan includes identification of the following elements:
• Knowledge of key danger signs during:
o Antenatal, intra-natal and post-natal period and
o In the new born
• Identifying a skilled birth attendant

The card gives information on the immunization schedule and the doses of Vitamin A to be given to the child during the first five years. Boxes in the chart indicate each type of vaccine, date to be given, date when it was given and age.

Mission Indradhanush since Dec 2014
Intensified Mission Indradhanush since Oct 2017

Covers
< 2 Yr and pregnant

To cover the uncovered under routine immunization
Increase coverage to 90% by December 2018 (advanced from 2020)
4 rounds of 7 days each; starting from 7th of each month to 13th i.e 7 days
In:
• Select districts
• Select urban areas
• NE states
Areas have been selected after triangulation of data from surveys