Write its two uses in public health.
1. Maintaining cold chain by using frozen ice packs in vaccine carriers and cold boxes.
2. For keeping reconstituted BCG, measles containing vaccines, rotavirus, JE and OPV during the immunization session if no other option is available. Reconstituted vaccines must be discarded after 4 hours of reconstitution.
What is the temperature range maintained by an ILR?
An ILR maintains the temperature between +2°C and +8°C.
At what level of health care delivery are the vaccines stored in an ILR?
An ILR is used to store all Universal Immunization Program vaccines at the Public Health Centre (PHC) level.
Three types of syringes are supplied under the NIS for the purpose of vaccine administration:
a. 0.1ml AD syringes
b. 0.5 ml AD syringes and
c. 5 ml disposable syringes.
The auto – disable syringes are used for the administration of the appropriate vaccines and the disposable syringe is used for reconstitution of vaccines where needed.
A hub cutter (manual syringe and needle destroyer) is displayed from two different angles in Figure
Identification features
• One or two insertion holes for the syringe
• Two handles (attached to the blades which cut the syringe hub)
• One plastic container (into which the cutoff parts of the syringe and the needle are retained)
What is the use of this?
This is used to destroy the disposable or autodisable (AD) syringe after use.
Birth Preparedness and Complication Readiness (BP/CR) is the process of planning for normal birth and anticipating the actions needed in case of an emergency
It is based on the assumption that preparing for child birth and being ready for complications reduces delay in obtaining this care
A birth plan/emergency preparedness plan includes identification of the following elements:
• Knowledge of key danger signs during:
o Antenatal, intra-natal and post-natal period and
o In the new born
• Identifying a skilled birth attendant
The card gives information on the immunization schedule and the doses of Vitamin A to be given to the child during the first five years. Boxes in the chart indicate each type of vaccine, date to be given, date when it was given and age.
Mission Indradhanush since Dec 2014
Intensified Mission Indradhanush since Oct 2017
Covers
< 2 Yr and pregnant
To cover the uncovered under routine immunization
Increase coverage to 90% by December 2018 (advanced from 2020)
4 rounds of 7 days each; starting from 7th of each month to 13th i.e 7 days
In:
• Select districts
• Select urban areas
• NE states
Areas have been selected after triangulation of data from surveys
Goals and objectives
• Life Expectancy
o 67.5 to 70 by 2025
o Track DALY index for all ds by 2022
o TFR reduce to 2.1 by 2025
• Mortality rates
o <5 MR to 23 by 2025
o MMR to 100/100000 by 2020
o IMR to 28 by 2019
o NNMR to 16 by 2025
o SBR to single digit “
• Reduce prevalence and incidence by 2020
o HIV 90.90.90
o Eliminate
1. leprosy 2018
2. kala azar 2017
3. lymphatic filriasis by 2017
o TB > 85% cure rate 2025
o Blindness to 0.25% by 2015
What are the constituents?
The composition of the new, reduced osmolarity ORS, as recommended by WHO, is as follows:
• Sodium chloride—2.6 g
• Glucose (anhydrous)—13.5 g
• Potassium chloride—1.5 g
• Trisodium citrate dehydrate—2.9 g
(Total weight of a packet = 20.5 g)
The new ORS was launched by WHO in January 2004 and in India in June 2004.
Against which diseases are they recommended?
They are recommended for prevention and treatment of anemia across the life cycle i.e. 6months – 5 yr, 5 – 10 yr, 10 – 19 yr., women in reproductive age, during pregnancy and lactation.
Mention some iron rich foods.
• Heme iron: Liver, meat, poultry, and fish.
• Nonheme iron: Green leafy vegetables, legumes, cereals, nuts and oilseeds, jaggery, and dried fruits.
