I Hate PSM

Methods of Chlorination in Water Supplies

After calculating the chlorine demand from a sample of water, the calculated amount of chlorine is applied as

  • Chlorine gas or
  • Chloramine or
  • Perchloron

Chlorine gas is the first choice because it is economical and

  • Quick in action
  • Efficient and
  • Easy to apply

Since chlorine gas is an irritant to the eyes and poisonous, a special equipment known as ‘chlorination equipment’ is required to apply chlorine gas to water supplies
Chloramine:
In some water treatment plants, chloramine is used instead of chlorine gas
Chloramines are loose compounds of chlorine and ammonia
They produce lesser chlorinous tastes and give a more persistent type of residual chlorine
The greatest drawback of chloramines is that they have a slower action than chlorine

Perchloron or high test hypochlorite HTH is calcium compound which carries 60 -70% of available chlorine.
Solutions prepared from HTH are also used for water disinfection.

As discussed already, chlorine gas has replaced all other chlorine derivatives in the disinfection of urban water supplies

OT and OTA test: Orthotolidine (OT) test and Orthotolidine – Arsenite (OTA) test

Membrane processes in water purification: Membrane Processes in Treatment of Drinking Water

Super Chlorination and Break Point Chlorination: Super Chlorination and Break Point Chlorination (Disinfecting Polluted Water)

Slow sand filter: Slow Sand Filter (Biological Filter)

Rapid sand filter: RAPID Sand Filter (Mechanical Filter)

Purification of water at a large scale: Water Purification at a LARGE SCALE (for water supply)

Criteria for a Chemical to be Suitable as Water Disinfectant in Water Supplies: Criteria for a Chemical to be Suitable as Water Disinfectant in Water Supplies

Water Supplies Disinfection with Chlorination: Water Supplies Disinfection with Chlorination

Principles of Chlorination: 5 Principles of Chlorination

Methods of Chlorination in Water Supplies: Methods of Chlorination in Water Supplies

Horrock's Apparatus: Horrock’s Apparatus

Disinfection of well during emergency: Disinfection of Wells during an Emergency – The Double Pot Method

Double Pot method: Disinfection of Wells during an Emergency – The Double Pot Method

Disinfection of Wells: Disinfection of Wells

OT and OTA test: OT and OTA test

Domestic or Household Purification of Water: Domestic or Household Purification of Water